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Killifish embryonic cell migration. These four panels were assembled to honor John P. Trinkaus, Professor Emeritus, Yale University and the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA. “Trink” spent his life studying the directed movements of embryonic cells, focusing on the early rearrangements as cells form the tissues of the young killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus). Through the many decades of his research, he took advantage of the revolutions in cell imaging, using different kinds of microscopes, video imaging systems and digital processing to look deeper into the in vivo behavior of these wandering cells.
The first image (upper left) is a low-power scanning electron micrograph of a landscape of deep cells exposed when the overlying epithelium was microsurgically removed. Similar cells are seen (upper right) as they move through the intact, living embryo in a frame from a time-lapse video filmed with Nomarski Differential Interference. Because of the extreme optical clarity of these embryos, details of in vivo cell morphology allow analysis of lamellipodial dynamics (lower left). Molecular technologies have now made it possible to film in vivo cytoskeletal dynamics, as Fundulus embryonic deep cells express GFP-actin from plasmids injected soon after fertilization (lower right). This cell is viewed with a spinning disc confocal microscope. Top left image from Figure 2 in Trinkaus, J.P., and C.A. Erickson. “Protrusive activity, mode and rate of locomotion, and pattern of adhesion of Fundulus deep cells during gastrulation,” Journal of Experimental Zoology, Vol. 228, @ 1983, Wiley-Liss. Reproduced with permission of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Top right image by J.P. Trinkaus and R.D. Fink. Lower left image by R.D. Fink and J.P. Trinkaus. Lower right image by R.D. Fink and P. Wadsworth.
I would like to thank J.P. Trinkaus, Carol Erickson (University of California, Davis), and Patricia Wadsworth (University of Massachusetts, Amherst).
—Rachel Fink, Department of Biological Sciences, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA 01075. E-mail: rfink@mtholyoke.edu.
(Note. J.P. Trinkaus died February 7, 2003. He was 84 years old.)
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