The authors thank the California State University Chancellor's Office for funding the 2006 CSU Science Education Colloquium and acknowledge the contributions and insights of all those who attended that event. N.P., on leave from CSU, Fullerton, is supported by the NSF Independent Research/Development Program while serving at the Division of Undergraduate Education (EHR/DUE) of the NSF. Any opinion, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF.