Applying Computerized-Scoring Models of Written Biological Explanations across Courses and Colleges: Prospects and Limitations
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*The Ohio State University, School of Teaching and Learning, Columbus, OH 43210
Michigan State University, 1428 Engineering, East Lansing, MI 48824
Michigan State University, 6171 Biomedical Physical Sciences, East Lansing, MI 48824
Michigan State University, 6171 Biomedical Physical Sciences, East Lansing, MI 48824
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© 2011 M. Ha et al. CBE—Life Sciences Education © 2011 The American Society for Cell Biology. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). It is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0).
We thank Kristen Smock and Judith Ridgway, OSU, and Donna Koslowsky and Tammy Long, MSU, for assistance with data gathering; Luanna Prevost for comments on the manuscript; and the Automated Analysis of Constructed Response (AACR) group for discussions. R.H.N. thanks Elijah Mayfield and Caroline Rosé and the faculty of the Carnegie Mellon Pittsburgh Science of Learning Center summer school for help with machine-learning methods. We also thank two reviewers for helpful suggestions for improving the manuscript. We thank the National Science Foundation (NSF; REESE grant 090999 to principal investigator [PI] R.H.N.) for funding M.H. and collaborative NSF CCLI 1022653 to PIs Jenny Knight, R.H.N., and M.U.-L. for support of the AACR group. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the NSF. The research was conducted under OSU IRB Protocol # 2008B0080 (R.H.N., PI).