The authors thank Steve Baskauf (http://bioimages.vanderbilt.edu), Martin Wall, Nadia Talent, and Rodger Evans for providing images for use in VL-PI. We also thank Isabel Gauthier for her help in understanding the visual-processing literature during the early stages of work on this project. The first version of the program was published by Missouri Botanical Garden Press under the title Woody Plants of the Southeastern United States: A Field Botany Course on CD (www.mbgpress.info/index.php?task=id&id=08025). We thank Victoria Hollowell, the scientific editor and head of the press, for her support of the project. Partial funding for the development of VL-PI was obtained from two Advances in Teaching and Learning grants from the Teaching and Learning Center (now the Faculty Teaching and Learning Commons) of UNCG. Additional funding was obtained from Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia, through the auspices of Dr. Geoffrey Burrows. This research (study 09-0163) was reviewed by the UNCG institutional review board and was determined to be exempt from further review under the Code of Federal Regulations 45 CFR 46.101(b).