© 2024 S. M. Gardner et al. CBE—Life Sciences Education © 2024 The American Society for Cell Biology. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). It is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0).

This work benefited from the research on graph construction in undergraduate biology conducted under National Science Foundation #1726180 & 2111150 (S.M.G.) and the collaborations and opportunities within the ACE-Bio Network (National Science Foundation #1346567). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Many thanks to the members of the Purdue International Biology Education Research Group (PIBERG) and the James Madison University Biology Education Research Group (jmuBERG) for their valuable feedback and assistance over the years. We thank Drs. Mary Hegarty and David Uttal for their feedback and paper recommendations at the outset of the creation of this guide.

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